Towards Decolonization of Knowledge

Understanding the Key Proposals of Akshapada Gautam’s Nyaya Dar?anam

Abstract

Decolonization endeavours to redefine the concept of global justice as a process aimed at reclaiming what was lost due to colonization. It underscores the epistemological effects of colonization while advocating for the contextualization of knowledge based on cultural realities, needs, and values. Proponents of decolonization emphasize that while some truths may be universal, others are intrinsically tied to specific cultures. While agreeing with this understanding, the present paper recognizes the significance of cultural contexts in the advancement of knowledge and centres its discussion on the concept of knowledge itself. The arguments put forth are framed around two central themes: First, the dominance of a singular Western-centric knowledge perspective has adversely affected the broader understanding of knowledge. Second, to achieve a more authentic purpose of knowledge about reality, it is essential to champion “epistemological freedom” and “cognitive justice.” To examine the meaning of knowledge and to redefine its purpose within a cultural framework, the present paper focuses on questions like what the meaning should be and what the purpose of knowledge is and what means can be employed to achieve this purpose. By engaging with these epistemological inquiries, the paper situates its discussion within the context of decolonization. To analyze fundamental philosophical concepts of knowledge within Hindu civilization, particularly through the lens of Akshap?da Gautama’s Ny?ya Dar?anam (hereafter referred to as Gautama), the paper uses hermeneutics, interpretation, and content analysis as the method. As one of the six Dar?anas (systems) of ?stika Dar?ana (discussed as a part of Hindu philosophy), Ny?ya Dar?ana is considered particularly important due to its comprehensive exploration of logic and epistemology that further identifies and examines objects’ essential nature and their relationships with the universe. Significantly, by elucidating Gautama’s contributions, this paper aspires to foster a deeper understanding of alternative epistemological frameworks and their relevance in contemporary contexts.