Patachitra

A Reflection of the Indigenous Oral and Visual Traditions in the Living Heritage of Bengal

Abstract

Patachitra, a traditional folk art of Bengal, represents a distinctive form of visual storytelling that integrates oral narratives and painted scrolls. Rooted in the indigenous practices of the Patua and Chitrakar communities, this living heritage reflects the cultural, historical, and social dimensions of Bengal. The art form has served as a medium for both religious and contemporary themes, encompassing mythology, folklore, social issues, and modern concerns. The paintings are created using natural pigments derived from plants and minerals, reinforcing a deep ecological connection. However, it has faced challenges due to urbanisation, digital media, and the socio-economic marginalisation of its practitioners. An attempt has been made to understand the significance of this living tradition, the continuity and changes in the scroll painting process, its regional variations, and the modern threats it faces. Additionally, this study highlights how preservation efforts, such as government support, exhibitions, and community-driven initiatives, have played a crucial role in sustaining this art form. Patachitra remains a vital link between the past and present of Bengal, embodying its rich oral and visual traditions.